Industrial outcomes

The technique developed by this project has, by straightforward optical measurements, enabled the rapid determination of the director orientation in liquid crystal cells, including those with bi-gratings. This will have a major impact on the design of liquid crystal displays. The development of inverse problem techniques for anisotropic electromagnetic parameters has also paved the way for the development of a variety of lower frequency (microwave and radio frequency) techniques in non-destructive testing, medical imaging, industrial process monitoring and geophysics.